The radiation RF-EMF causes damage to DNA, increase the temperature of tissues, and disrupt the blood-brain barrier. These are real-world effects, and ARPANSA is active in collaborating with the EHS group, the medical professionals as well as researchers. ARPANSA will continue to study research related to the health effects caused by EMF radiation.
RF-EMF causes DNA damage
The exposure to electromagnetic fields created by humans (EMFs) can cause DNA damage as well as health effects. EMFs can alter the intracellular ionic levels that are essential to ensure a cell's electrochemical balance. what is emf radiation can cause disruption to cell homeostasis and result damages to the DNA. Furthermore exposure to EMFs is also associated with an increase in the production of free radicals as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS).
The exposure to radiation from RF-EMF has been linked to changes in the development of male germ cells. This involves the development of germ cells into spermatozoa as well functioning maturation as spermatozoa move through the epididymis. To investigate the effects of RF-EMF on the development of male germ cells, a specifically-designed waveguide machine was designed for the purpose of exposing unrestrained mice to RF-EME with a dose of 2.2 W/kg.
In a recent study researchers discovered that exposure to RF EME caused oxidative DNA damage in spermatozoa. Sperm DNA fragmentation was increased by 18% after a week of treatment, and by 23 percent after five weeks. Furthermore, DNA damage in mitochondria was observed by measuring the level of a biomarker, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG).
However, the radiation emitted by RF-EMF isn't yet recognized as a true carcinogen. However, emf radiation have found that exposure to RF-EMF radiation can damage DNA integrity in a range of cell varieties. In one study, scientists exposed Vero cells to an EMF of 100 Hz for 45 minutes. They assessed DNA damage for 48 hours after exposure to determine if the exposure affected DNA integrity.
emf radiation of RF-EMF on tissue heating
While the effects of RF-EMF are generally believed as thermal in nature, a few studies have shown that non-thermal effects may also be evident. These effects may account for certain of the unsolved findings in the epidemiological study of EMF hypersensitivity. It is therefore important to take into account non-thermal effects when conducting a systematic review.
The non-thermal effects of RF-EMF may be felt at the cell's membrane. This is a field which has already been thoroughly investigated. Particularly the electrochemical properties of cell membranes has been investigated. Current understanding suggests that energy from RF-EMF higher than 1 MHz is transferred to the tissue via dielectric and Ionic dissipation. Studies of the theory have suggested that the energy that is transferred to the tissue could be as high as 200 kV/m.
The electric properties of tissue are regulated by the composition and distribution of water molecules, ions and other molecules within the body. This determines how absorbed EMR from RF is absorbed by different tissues. Tissues with higher conductivity tend to absorb more of the field, and thus cause more of an impact. This is why the degree of tissue heating does not increase steadily from outside to inside however, it is more prevalent in hot areas. Bone and fatty tissue is less susceptible to heating by RF as compared to other tissues, since they are low in water content.
The extent of the field's penetration is determined by the frequency and strength of the field. Muscle tissue absorbs more energies than the other tissue, and converts it into heat more efficiently. Usually the penetration depth for RF EMF is determined in millimeters (mm). The higher the frequency, shallower the penetration.
RF-EMF causes blood-brain barrier disruption
Researchers have discovered that RF-EMF could disrupt the blood-brain barrier change sleep patterns as well as neurotransmitter levels. Furthermore to this, the effects on the effects of EMF on brain activity have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders. For example, EMF from mobile phones can alter electroencephalogram activity as well as sleep patterns, and the activities of nitric oxide and xanthin oxidase.
Researchers at the Vienna University have studied the effects of RF-EMF exposure in brain cells. They also examined what effects ELF EMF on the nervous system. While the mechanisms of the cell that play a role are not fully understood, there is a clear relationship between exposure to ELF EMF and depletion of myelin. This relationship might account for the electro-hypersensitivity symptoms of electro-hypersensitivity. There are, however, proven methods for regenerating myelin in the brain.
Researchers have found that exposure to 900 millimeters EMF caused a rise in the permeability of the BBB and also increased the symptoms of neuronal damage in rats. They also observed increased exovasation of albumin to neurons. Further, they found the following: after 30 mins of exposure at 900 MHz 99mTcMIBI increased its permeation to the cerebral cortex. But this effect didn't happen with Evans blue-based injections.
Despite these findings, RF-EMF does not have a clear mechanism to disrupt the BBB. Research suggests that EMF exposure may increase erythrocyte cell membrane permeability. This could influence the BBB and enhance the efflux of calcium ions. Furthermore, the presence a 99mTc-MIBI radiotracer within the brain has been connected to increasing the permeability and permeability of the BBB.